Marcus’s details on costs and DTC vs FOB are incredible and spot on. (Who knew this would be in a thread on shipping : ).
On the FOB side, I was completely naive but perhaps it worked to my advantage. As a small winery with a couple a great vintages, I didn’t really have any barrels that I thought needed to be declassified to WV non-Vineyard Designate (and I love my press fractions— especially since I don’t like using new oak). So as I acquired a hand full of distributors across the US, they are used to me offering no WV, only great wines. That said, the naive part, is that they are only selling a half or full pallet per State, per year (56 cases per pallet). Hmm.
For the 2022 vintage, for whatever reason, I did find more than a few barrels that needed to be declassified to WV. So I am literally needing to decide tomorrow on price. I thought $12.50 would be as low as low can go, but they really want $10/bottle for a retail of $19.99 to $25 depending on retail markups. And also, this apparently is the top end pricing for most by-the-glass programs at restaurants. (Restaurants are doing no favors to us on their glass markups. They could have much better offerings and sell more, or at the very least have more satisfied customers. Also BTG is often the introductory wine for younger consumers and the offerings at most places are just abysmal. No wonder these folks are preferring cocktails!)
For sure DTC is way, way, more time intensive for all the reasons listed above. I have a couple of colleagues who just don’t have the time, or they don’t enjoy it. I love it. The direct interaction and feedback are the reward. But I can see a day when I just won’t have time for WV deliveries, making packages, checking on shipping dates with clients, etc. I certainly hope I will always have time for tastings at the winery! Does DTC give us a higher return? It depends on how you value your time, but Marcus is spot on: I think it is difficult to sell higher end wines without a tasting room or other form of DTC.
Tasting rooms are the most common form of DTC— hasn’t been discussed here too much. I worked in a TR for four years part-time as I was learning the trade, and because I enjoyed it. The downside is that as a wine maker you become a personnel manager. I know more than a few colleague winemakers who (given the time sink) unintentionally have turned into TR managers and they don’t seem very happy…. Constant turnover, etc. You also need just the right spot/real estate by the way. And so, I have peeked at the balance sheets for two TRs and they really don’t pencil out too much with the exception of the fact that you can tell a story to more people, and make and sell more top-end wines. The real trick is getting the the twice-a-year wine club mailings and pickup to 200-300 cases per, minimum. That’s the profit margin and the all-important inventory management piece (the winery choses which wines are sent out, woohoo!) But the downside is that, as @CFU said on his Chateau X podcast interview, I think both younger and high-end clients want to chose their shipments… automatic shipments are passé. (Great job on those interviews, Charlie!)